塑料模具材料选择
Selection of plastic mold material
1、塑料模的工作条件
1. Working conditions of plastic mould
由于塑料及塑料成型工业的发展，对塑料的模具的质量要求也越来越高，因而塑料模具的失效问题及其影响因素已成为重要的研究课题。塑料模的主要工作零件是成型零件，如凸模、凹模等，它们构成塑料模的型腔，以成型塑料制件的各种表面并直接与塑料接触，经受压力、温度、摩擦和腐蚀等作用。
Because of the development of plastic and plastic molding industry, the quality of plastic moulds is becoming more and more demanding. Therefore, the failure of plastic mold and its influencing factors have become an important research topic. The main working parts of the plastic mould are molding parts, such as punch and die, which form the cavity of the plastic mould, which form the various surfaces of the plastic parts and contact the plastic directly with the effect of pressure, temperature, friction and corrosion.
2 、塑料模材料失效原因分析
2. Analysis of the failure causes of plastic mould materials
一般模具制造中包括模具设计、选用材料、热处理、机械加工、调试与安装等过程。根据调查表明：模具失效的因素中，模具所使用的材料与热处理是影响使用寿命的主要因素。从全面质量管理的角度出发，不能把影响模具使用寿命的诸因素作为多项式之和来衡量，而应该是多因素的乘积，这样，模具材料与热处理的优劣在整个模具制造过程中就显得特别重要。
General mold manufacturing includes mold design, material selection, heat treatment, machining, debugging and installation process. According to the investigation, the material used in mould and heat treatment are the main factors that affect the service life of dies. From the perspective of total quality management, the factors that affect the life of the die can not be measured as a sum of polynomials, but it should be the product of multiple factors. In this way, the pros and cons of die materials and heat treatment are particularly important in the whole die manufacturing process.
从模具失效的普遍现象分析，塑料模具在服役过程中，可产生磨损失效、局部性变形失效和断裂失效。塑料模具的重要失效形式可分为磨损失效、局部塑性变形失效和断裂失效。
According to the general phenomenon of die failure, wear failure, localized deformation failure and fracture failure can occur during service of plastic moulds. The important failure modes of plastic mold can be divided into wear failure, local plastic deformation failure and fracture failure.
3、 塑料模具钢性能要求 随着制造业快速发展，塑料模具是塑料成型加工中不可缺少的工具，在总的模具产量中所占的比例逐年增加，随着高性能塑料的发展和不断生产，塑料制品的种类日益增多，用途不断扩大，制品向精密化、大型化、复杂化发展。成型生产向高速化发展，模具的工作条件也越趋复杂。
3. With the rapid development of the manufacturing industry, the plastic mold is an indispensable tool in the plastic molding process. The proportion of the total die production is increasing year by year. With the development and continuous production of high performance plastics, the types of plastic products are increasing, the use is expanding, and the products are made to precision. The development of chemical, large-scale and complicated. With the rapid development of molding production, the working conditions of dies are becoming more and more complicated.